Japanese Notes [wiki.dlma]

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====== Japanese Notes ======

^ Phrase ^ Meaning ^
| おはよう ございます | Good morning |
| こんにちは | Good day |
| こんばんは | Good evening (greeting only) |
| おやすみなさい | Good night |
| ありがとうございます | Thank you |
| いってきます | I'm going, I'll be back |
| いってらっしゃい | 行ってらっしゃい  See you later. |
| ただいま | I'm back |
| おかえりなさい | Welcome back |

===== Convenience Store and Restaurant =====

[[https://tcj-education.com/column/must-know-japanese-phrases-for-newcomers-japanese-survival-guide/|Must-know Japanese phrases for newcomers (Japanese survival guide)]]

^ Phrase ^ Meaning ^
| ふくろは要りますか | put it in a bag? (**fukuro** wairimasuka) |
| いらないよ or 大丈夫です | "no need", "it's OK" |
| 何名 (なんめい) | How many people? 二名 (にめい) |
| 二人 (ふたり （です)) | Two people |
| いただきます | (traditional) "I humbly receive" (can also be used when buying) |
| ごちそうさま | That was a feast |
| おかいけいをおねがいします | Check Please |
| べつべつ | Split the check? （別々）|

==== Stores 店 (みせ) (and names end with -ya 屋) =====

At a [[https://www.kanshudo.com/kanji/%E5%BA%97|店]] (みせ, store/shop) (whose name might end with -ya [[https://www.kanshudo.com/kanji/%E5%B1%8B|屋]]) they might offer you a ふくろ (bag), you can refuse with "it's not needed" (要らないよ, "いらないよ" or 必要ない **"ひつようない"** or even "大丈夫です").

===== Counters =====

^ Number ^ General (つ) ^ 日 (か, にち) ^ Drinks (杯, はい) ^
| 一 | ひとつ   | ついたち | いっぱい |
| 二 | ふたつ   | ふつか | にはい |
| 三 | みっつ   | みっか | さんばい |
| 四 | よっつ   | よっか | よんはい |
| 五 | いつつ   | いつか | ごはい |
| 六 | むっつ   | むいか | ろっぱい |
| 七 | ななつ   | なのか | ななはい |
| 八 | やっつ   | ようか | はっぱい |
| 九 | ここのつ | ここのか | きゅうはい |
| 十 | とお    | とおか | じゅっぱい |

===== Action Verbs =====

^ Japanese ^ English ^
| 行きます　（いきます）| Go |
| 来ます　（きます） | Come |
| 帰ります　（かえります) | Return |
| 食べます　（たべます） | Eat |
| 飲みます　（のみます） | Drink |
| 見ます　（みます） | See / Watch |
| 聞きます　（ききます） | Hear / Listen |
| 読みます　（よみます） | Read |
| 書きます　（かきます） | Write |
| 話します　（はなします） | Talk |
| 買います　（かいます） | Buy |

===== ⺼, nikuzuki, the Meat-Moon =====

Why does [[https://www.hanzi-trainer.org/Mnemonic_phrase/Radical_%E6%9C%89.html|the kanji for "exist / to have", 有, look like a hand over a moon]]? It's not the moon. It's the nikuzuki, the meat-moon: [[https://www.reddit.com/r/japanese/comments/s8tet5/why_is_the_moonmonth_radical_%E6%9C%88_used_as_for_kanji/|It is not actually 月, it is 肉 in it's radical form (⺼)]].

Was trying to figure out these with "name" (moon over mouth):

  * 名前 = name
  * 有名 = famous

====== LLM Conversations ======

> I am a beginner student of the Japanese language. Act as my helpful teacher. What are some good mnemonics for remembering the kanji 名?

> Thank you! Please provide mnemonics that'll help me remember and distinguish 濯 from 曜.

====== Amusingly Similar ======

^ Kanji ^ Notes ^
| [[https://jisho.org/search/%E7%9F%B3%20%23kanji|石]] | (stone) Kun: いし, On: セキ、 シャク、 コク |
| [[https://jisho.org/search/%E5%8F%B3%20%23kanji|右]] | (right) Kun: みぎ, On: ウ、 ユウ |
| [[https://jisho.org/search/%E5%A3%AB%20%23kanji|士]] | (samurai) Kun: さむらい, On: シ |
| [[https://jisho.org/search/%E5%9C%9F%20%23kanji|土]] | (ground) Kun: つち, On: ド、 ト |
| [[https://jisho.org/search/%E6%9C%AB%20%23kanji|末]] | (end, tip close) (top branch finished growing) Kun: すえ、 うら、 うれ, On: マツ、 バツ |
| [[https://jisho.org/search/%E6%9C%AA%20%23kanji|未]] | (not yet, hitherto) Kun: いま.だ、 ま.だ、 ひつじ, On: ミ、 ビ |
| [[https://jisho.org/search/%E6%97%A5%20%23kanji|日]] | (day, sun) |
| [[https://jisho.org/search/%E6%9B%B0%20%23kanji|曰]] | (say) (mouth with tongue) |
| 午 | (noon) |
| 牛 | (cow) (has horns) |
| 人 | (person) |
| 入 | (enter) (ducking head) |

大太犬は大丈夫. Big fat dogs are fine.